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Óc Eo is an archaeological site in Thoại Sơn District in southern An Giang Province, Vietnam, in the Mekong River Delta region of Vietnam. It is also one of the modern day communes of Vietnam. Óc Eo may have been a busy port of the kingdom of Funan between the 1st and 7th centuries CE. Scholars use the term 'Óc Eo Culture' to refer to the ancient material culture of the Mekong Delta region that is typified by the artifacts recovered at Óc Eo through archeological investigation.<br/><br/> The remains found at Óc Eo include pottery, tools, jewelry, casts for making jewelry, coins (including coins from the Roman Empire), and religious statues. Many of the remains have been collected and are on exhibition in the Museum of Vietnamese History in Ho Chi Minh City.
Bodhi leaves with dragon motif. Terracotta, Lý-Trần dynasties, 11th-14th century. Architectural decoration. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.
The Buddha rising up from lotus. Crimson and gilded wood, Trần-Hồ dynasty, 14th-15th century. Statue for worship. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.
Tiger head. Terracotta, 13th-14th century CE. Collection Vũ Tấn. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.
Bodhi leaf with dragon decoration. Terracotta, 13th-14th century CE. Collection Vũ Tấn. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.
Phoenix head. Terracotta, Trần-Hồ dynasty, 14th-15th century. Architectural decoration. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.<br/><br/> The phoenix is a mythical sacred firebird that can be found in the mythologies of the Persians, Greeks, Romans, Egyptians, Chinese, and (according to Sanchuniathon) Phoenicians.<br/><br/> A phoenix is a mythical bird that is a fire spirit with a colorful plumage and a tail of gold and scarlet (or purple, blue, and green according to some legends). It has a 500 to 1000 year life-cycle, near the end of which it builds itself a nest of twigs that then ignites; both nest and bird burn fiercely and are reduced to ashes, from which a new, young phoenix or phoenix egg arises, reborn anew to live again. The new phoenix is destined to live as long as its old self.<br/><br/> In China and Vietnam, the Fenghuang is a mythical bird similar to the phoenix. It is the second most-respected legendary creature (after the dragon), largely used to represent the empress and females, and as such as the counterpart to the Chinese dragon, traditionally seen as masculine or imperial. The phoenix is considered the greatest and the leader of birds.
Jar with lotus, chrysanthemum motifs. Pattern brown glazed ceramic, Trần dynasty, 13th-14th century. Nam Định province, northern Vietnam. Domestic use. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.
Stupa with lotus, bodhi leaf, dancer decoration. Ceramic, Lý dynasty, 11th-13th century, Hanoi. Object for worship. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.
Lampstand, vase and ewers in phoenix shape. Blue and white ceramic, Early Lê dynasty, 15th century. Chu Đậu kiln, Hải Dương province. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.
Dragon head. Terracotta, Lý dynasty, 11th-13th century. Architectural decoration. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.
Originally named after a French archeologist and researcher, the Louis Finot Museum is located in the Hoan Kien district of Hanoi. It is housed in a colonial French building which was completed in 1932. The building, designed by the architect Ernest Hebrard, is considered a successful blend of French colonial and traditional Vietnamese architecture known as Indochina architecture. Hebrard created double walls and balconies for a natural ventilation system and protection from sunshine. Today, it is a museum showcasing Vietnam's history with very large displays covering every period.